The Role of Dams on Water, Food, and Energy Security Issues: A Global Review and Resolution for Indonesia

Insannul Kamil, Mego Plamonia, Berry Yuliandra, Chitrakala Muthuveerappan, Buang Alias

Abstract


Increased water, food, and energy demand due to population growth has contributed linearly to the increasing focus of world concern on dams in many countries. Lately, dams have become an important issue in sustainable water resources management, which have been used for various purposes such as flood control, industrial water supply, irrigation, fisheries, recreation, navigation, hydroelectricity, and other purposes. This study aims to analyze the relationships between variables related to the world's water, food and energy issues, including dams. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the significance of interrelated relationships between variables of water consumption, energy consumption, irrigated areas and the number of dams based on period 1960-2010 data. The results of the analysis concluded that water consumption had the most significant effect on energy consumption and the number of dams. Meanwhile, the number of dams has a significant impact on water consumption, followed by energy consumption. As a resolution for Indonesia, which currently focuses on food and energy security issues, this study recommends that the construction of dams (including large dams) be accelerated.

Keywords


dams; water, irrigation; food security; energy security.

Full Text:

PDF

References


United Nations (UN) Population Division, “World population prospects: the 2015 revision, key findings and advance tables,†UN Population Division, New York, US, 2015.

J. Chen, H. Shi, B. Sivakumar, and M. R. Peart, “Population, water, food, energy and dams,†Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 56, pp. 18-28, 2016.

D. Molden, K. Frenken, R. Barker, C. de Fraiture, B. Mati, M. Svendsen, C. Sadoff, C., and M. Finlayson, “Trends in water and agricultural development,†in Water for Food, Water for Life: A Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture, D. Molden, Ed., London, UK: Earthscan, 2007, pp. 57-89.

D. Molden, T. Y. Oweis, S. Pasquale, J. W. Kijne, M. A. Hanjra, P. S. Bindraban, B. A. M. Bouman, S. Cook, O. Erenstein, H. Farahani, A. Hachum, J. Hoogeveen, H. Mahoo, V. Nangia, D. Peden, A. Sikka, P. Silva, H. Turral, A. Upadhyaya, and S. Zwart, “Pathways for increasing agricultural water productivity,†in Water for Food, Water for Life: A Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture, D. Molden, Ed., London, UK: Earthscan, 2007, pp.279-310.

World Water Assessment Programme, “World water development report volume 4: Managing water under uncertainty and risk,†UNESCO, Paris, France, 2012.

J. Bruinsma, “The resource outlook to 2050 - By how much do land, water use and crop yields need to increase by 2050?,†presented at the FAO Expert Meeting: How to Feed the World in 2050, 24-26 June 2009, Rome, Italy.

World Commission on Dams, “Dams and development: A new framework for decision-making,†a technical report of World Commission on Dams, Earthscan Publications Ltd., London, UK, 2000.

World Bank. (2009) Directions in Hydropower. [Online]. Available: http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/164581468336679451/pdf/547270WP0Direc10Bo x349424B01PUBLIC1.pdf

C. Tortajada, “Dams: An essential component of development,†J. Hydrol. Eng., vol. 20, pp. 1-9, 2015.

M. Ho, U. Lall, M. Allaire, N. Devineni, H. H. Kwon, I. Pal, D. Raff, and D. Wegner, “The future role of dams in the United States of America,†Water Resour. Res., vol. 53, pp. 982-998, 2017.

D. Altinblek, “The role of dams in development,†Int. J. Water Resour. Dev., vol. 18, pp. 9-24, 2002.

L. Berga, J. M. Buil, E. Bofill, J. C. De Cea, J. A. Garcia Perez, G. Mañueco, J. Polimon, A. Soriano, and J. Yagüe, “Dams and Reservoirs, Societies and Environment in the 21st Century,†in Proc. 22nd ICOLD, 2006.

World Resource Simulation Center. (2012) Global Water Consumption 1900-2025. [Online]. Available: http://www.wrsc.org/attach_image/global-water-consumption-1900-2025

Earth Policy Institute, (2013) World Irrigated Area and Irrigated Area Per Thousand People, 1961-2011. [Online]. Available: http://www.earth- policy.org/datacenter/xls/update115_2.xlsx

C. Ngô and J. B. Natowitz, Our Energy Future: Resources, Alternatives, and the Environment, 2nd Ed. New Jersey, US: John Wiley & Sons, 2016.

British Petroleum, (2016) Statistical Review of World Energy. [Online]. Available: http://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/excel/energy-economics/statistical-review-2016/bp-statistical-review-of-world-energy-2016-workbook.xlsx

B. Schultz, “Role of Dams in Irrigation, Drainage and Flood Control,†Int. J. Water Resour. Dev., vol. 18, pp. 147-162, 2002.

M. W. Rosegrant, C. Ringler, and T. Zhu, “Water for Agriculture: Maintaining Food Security Under Growing Scarcity,†Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour., vol. 34, pp. 205-222, 2009.

R. Lasage, J. C. J. H. Aerts, P. H. Verburg, and A. S. Sileshi, “The role of small scale sand dams in securing water supply under climate change in Ethiopia,†Mitig. Adapt. Strateg. Glob. Chang., vol. 20, pp. 317-339, 2015.

M. W. Beck, A. H. Claassen, and P. J. Hundt, “Environmental and livelihood impacts of dams: Common lessons across development gradients that challenge sustainability,†Int. J. River Basin Manag., vol. 10, pp. 73-92, 2012.

C. Nilsson, C. A. Reidy, M. Dynesius, and C. Revenga, “Fragmentation and Flow Regulation of the World’s Large River Systems,†Science, vol. 308, pp. 405-408, 2005.

United Nations Development Programme, (2006) Human Development Report 2006 - Beyond Scarcity: Power, Poverty and the Global Water Crisis. [Online]. Available: http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/corporate/HDR/2006 Global HDR/HDR-2006-Beyond scarcity-Power-poverty-and-the-global-water-crisis.pdf

R. Sternberg, “Hydropower’s future, the environment, and global electricity systems,†Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 14, pp. 713-723, 2010.

M. D. Azdan and C. Samekto, “Kritisnya Kondisi Bendungan di Indonesia,†in Seminar Nasional Bendungan Besar, 2008.

Energy Information Administration, (2008) World Hydroelectricity Installed Capacity. [Online]. Available: http://www.eia.doe.gov/international/RecentHydroelectricInstalledCapacity.xls

C. Ringler, A. Bhaduri, and R. Lawford, “The nexus across water, energy, land and food (WELF): Potential for improved resource use efficiency?,†Curr. Opin. Environ. Sustain., vol. 5, pp. 617-624, 2013.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.9.5.9474

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.



Published by INSIGHT - Indonesian Society for Knowledge and Human Development