Effect of Maturation Degree of Areca Nut and Binder Treatment to The Physicochemical Properties and Citotoxicity of Spray-Dried Areca Nut (Areca catechu L) Extracted Powder

Yernisa Yernisa, E. Gumbira Said, Khaswar Syamsu

Abstract


Areca nut (Areca catechu L) is a rich polyphenol source which is potential health-benefit. Polyphenol could extract from the sources and then converted to solid powder by spray drying. Polyphenol powder is easy to use and to introduce it into food (materials). The objective of this study was to determine the effect of maturation degree of areca nut (unripe, ripe) and binder treatment (without a binder, arabic gum 2% w/v) on the  physicochemical properties and citotoxicity of spray-dried areca nut extracted powder. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD). Data were analysed statistically used an analysis of variance. Analysis of the results exhibited unripe areca nut produced powder  with higher in yield, moisture content and total phenolic content but had no significant effect on pH and lower in bulk density and solubility than ripe areca nut. Arabic gum treatment produced powders with higher in yield, and solubility, but had no significant effect on moisture content and lower in bulk density, pH and total phenolic content than the treatment without binder. The areca nut extracted powders from all combination of treatments exhibited high cytotoxic activity against brine shrimp larvae with LC50 less than 1000 ppm, excepted the powders from ripe areca nut with arabic gum.


Keywords


Areca nut, spray drying, polyphenol, brine shrimp lethality test.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.5.3.529

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Published by INSIGHT - Indonesian Society for Knowledge and Human Development