Selection of Aruscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Indigeneus in Ultisol for Promoting The Production of Glmalin and Aggregate Formation Processes

Abstract

The muatualism symbiosis of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ( AMF ) with plants  are able to increase the capacity of plants to absorb nutrients and water from the soil. Recently, research was indicated that AMF hyphae containing glomalin as a glycoprotein that serves to glue the between dispersed soil particles. The content of glomalin in soil was positively correlated with soil aggregate stability. The research potential of AMF species indigenous of Ultisol Darmasraya District of West Sumatra and glomalin production in experimental pots of sterile sand medium has been carried out. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of AMF species on Ultisol and to seeking indigenous AMF isolates that have the best glomalin production capability. AMF spores were isolated and identified from the rhizosphere soil of corn in Ultisol. AMF species that have been identified experimentally tested culture medium pot of sand and zeolite (w / w 1:1) using corn crops. The results showed that the AMF species indigenous of Ultisol Darmasraya found 9 species, namely Acaulospora scrobiculata, Glomus etunicatum, Glomus luteum, Glomus mosseae, Glomus verruculosum, Glomus versiforme, Scutellospora gregaria, Scutellospora heterogama and Gigaspora sp. AMF species that showed better colonization ability in maize is G. luteum, G. verruculosum and G. versiforme. All three species can produce glomalin was significantly higher than the other species, ie 1.29 mg.g-1; 1.17 mg.g-1; 1.15 mg.g-1 respectively.