Kenaf Fibrous Concrete: Mechanical Properties with Different Fiber Volume Fraction

Norazura Mizal Azzmi, Jamaludin Mohamad Yatim

Abstract


Kenaf fiber comes from Kenaf plant which grows thrivingly in hot and humid temperature. The origin of Kenaf comes from a few different countries that have similar characteristics such as Africa, China, and India. Kenaf or its scientific name, hibiscus cannabinus is a beneficial crop where the seeds and stems can be used in various industries such as medicine, paper production and composite material. Kenaf core and bast fiber can reach up to 3 meters long and this is an essential reason to corporate Kenaf with other composite material like polymer and concrete. This paper indicates the investigation of finding an optimum value of Kenaf Fibrous Concrete with fiber volume of 0%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1% and 1.5% in the mix proportions. The mechanical properties of fresh and hardened samples were tested during 7th and 28th day of curing in water. Compressive strength, splitting tensile and flexural strength tests were executed in accordance of BSEN 12390-3:2009, ASTM C496M-06 and BSEN 12390-5:2009 respectively, with different volume fractions in finding an optimum value of Kenaf Fibrous Concrete. The result shows that kenaf fiber has the hydrophilic characteristic that influences more water absorption in the mix proportions. The capability of this fiber improves the tensile strength and ductility because of the inclusion of fiber. However, it decreases the concrete compressive strength.

Keywords


kenaf fiber; kenaf fibrous concrete; strength; fiber volume fraction

Full Text:

PDF

References


Bhutta, M.A.R.1, Nur Hafizah, A.K.2, Jamaludin, M.Y.1, Warid, M.H.3, Ismail, M 3., Azman, M. ,2013. Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Beams using Kenaf Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite Laminates. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia.

Sen, T. and Reddy, H.N.J., 2011. Various Industrial Applications of Hemp, Kinaf, Flax and Ramie Natural Fibres. International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology, 2(3), pp.192–198.

Juliana, a H. and Paridah, M.T., 2011. Evaluation of Basic Properties of Kenaf (Hibiscus Cannabinus L) Particles as Raw Material for. 18Th International Conference on Composite Materials, 36, pp.1–6.

Izran, K. et al., 2010. Optimising treatment system for kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) Particleboard with fire retardants. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 22(2), pp.175–183.

Swamy R.N, 1990. Vegetable Fiber Reinfored Cement Composites - A False Dream or A Potential Reality. Second International RILEM Symposium,

Elsaid, a., Dawood, M., Seracino, R. and Bobko, C., 2011. Mechanical properties of kenaf fiber reinforced concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 25(4), pp.1991–2001. Available at:

Biagiotti, J., Puglia, D. and Kenny, J.M., 2004. A Review on Natural Fibre- Based Composites-Part I: Structure, Processing and Properties of Vegetable Fibres. Journal of Natural Fibers, 1(2), pp.37–41.

Kalia, S. et al., 2011. Natural fibers, bio- and nanocomposites. International Journal of Polymer Science, 2011, pp.2–4.

Mahjoub, R., Yatim, J.M., Mohd Sam, A.R. and Hashemi, S.H., 2014. Tensile properties of kenaf fiber due to various conditions of chemical fiber surface modifications. Construction and Building Materials, 55, pp.103–113. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.01.036 [Accessed: 13 January 2016].

Khalid, N.H.A. and Jamaludin Mohamad Yatim, 2010. Tensile behavior of the treated and untreated kenaf fibers. 2010 National Postgraduate Seminar (NAPAS 10’), (c), pp.1–8.

Edeerozey, A.M.M., Akil, H.M., Azhar, A.B. and Ariffin, M.I.Z., 2007. Chemical modification of kenaf fibers. Materials Letters, 61(10), pp.2023–2025.

EB Ogunbode, Mohamad Yatim Jamaludin, Razavi Meisam, Mohd Yunus Ishak, Razavi Masoud, M.A.N., 2016. Environmental Study of Kenaf Bio Fibrous Concrete Composite. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Science, Technology and Social Sciences 2016 (ICSESS2016) © Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.

ACI Committee 544, 1999. Measurement of Properties of Fiber Reinforced Concrete. ACI Structural Journal, 89(Reapproved), pp.1–12.

Raupit, F., Saggaff, A., Tan, C. S., Lee, Y. L., & Tahir, M. ,2017. Splitting Tensile Strength of Lightweight Foamed Concrete with Polypropylene Fiber. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 7(2), 424–430.

Lam, T.F. and Yatim, J.M., 2015. Mechanical properties of kenaf fiber reinforced concrete with different fiber content and fiber length. 1(1), pp.11–21.

Akil, H.M.M. et al., 2011. Kenaf fiber reinforced composites: A review. Materials and Design, 32(8–9), pp.4107–4121. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2011.04.008.

Cheung, H.Y. et al., 2009. Natural fibre-reinforced composites for bioengineering and environmental engineering applications. Composites Part B: Engineering, 40(7), pp.655–663.

Nishino, T. et al., 2003. Kenaf reinforced biodegradable composite. Composites Science and Technology, 63(9), pp.1281–1286.

Lewandowski, C.M., Co-investigator, N. and Lewandowski, C.M., 2015. Fibrous and composite materials for civil engineering applications R.Fangueiro, (ed.), Woodhead Publishing Limited, UK

Zollo, R.F., 1997. Fiber-reinforced concrete: an overview after 30 years of development. Cement and Concrete Composites, 19(2), pp.107–122.Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/science/article/pii/S0958946596000467.

Sivaraja, M., Kandasamy, Velmani, N. and Pillai, M.S., 2010. Study on durability of natural fibre concrete composites using mechanical strength and microstructural properties. Bulletin of Materials Science, 33(6), pp.719–729.

Hassan, F., Zulkifli, R., Ghazali, M. J., & Azhari, C. H. ,2017. Kenaf fiber composite in automotive industry: An overview. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 7(1), 315–321. Retrieved from https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85014858353&partnerID=40&md5=e664f734dfbe01aa2cefcb71ddaf488e

Babatunde, O. E., Yatim, J. M., Ishak, M. Y., Masoud, R., & Meisam, R. ,2015. Potentials of Kenaf Fibre in Bio-Composite Production: A Review, Jurnal Teknologi, 12, 23–30.12, 23–30.

Hasan, N.S., Sobuz, H.R., Auwalu, A.S. and Tamanna, N., 2015. Investigation into the Suitability of Kenaf Fibre to Produce Structural Concrete. Advanced Materials Letters, (x).




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.8.4.3945

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Published by INSIGHT - Indonesian Society for Knowledge and Human Development