Acculturation of Structure and Construction in the Houses of Balinese Migrants (Case Study: Basarang Jaya Village, Central Kalimantan)

Herwin Sutrisno, Gagoek Hardiman, Edward E. Pandelaki, Theresia Susi

Abstract


Basarang Jaya village is one of transmigration areas in Kapuas Regency, Central Kalimantan Province. Its terrestrial feature was initially dominated by peatland. Following transmigration program in 1961, the peatland was then subject to change in land use. By 1963, transmigrants from Bali had begun to settle the village, creating an acculturation between the newcomers and the local people from Dayak Ngaju tribe. This study aims to find out structure and construction of the transmigrants’ settlements because of the acculturation between the transmigrants and the local people. The study applied a qualitative methodology with the case study approach. The observation that took place at Nyoman Remuja house yielded the followings results: 1) the settlement structure and construction of the transmigrants had changed three times, starting from woods, then switching to a combination of woods and concretes, and finally transforming to fully concretes; 2) the change in the settlement structure and construction was due to the change in characteristic of the foundation, from peatland to solid soil due to landfill; 3) Changes in the forms, structures, construction, and materials caused changes in thermal occupation. However, in the Basarang Jaya, the community's residence is still north-south oriented. This orientation, furthermore, is based on the Tri Hita Kirana cultural norm which is suitable for tropical climate in Indonesia. The extended form of the houses, which is in accordance with Betang dwelling concept of Dayak Ngaju, causes air circulation to flow rapidly throughout the room creating a comfortable atmosphere for living even though the houses use concrete materials.

Keywords


acculturation; structural and construction; the houses of Balinese migrants; Basarang Jaya.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.10.2.3772

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