Facile Strategy for Surface Functionalization of Corn Cob to Biocarbon and Its Catalytic Performance on Banana Peel Starch Hydrolysis

Iryanti Fatyasari Nata, Meilana Dharma Putra, Desi Nurandini, Chairul Irawan

Abstract


The sulphonated biocarbon (C-SO3H) has been prepared from carbonization of corn cob and followed by one-step hydrothermal treatment. This research focus on characterization of C-SO3H and evaluate the capability of C-SO3H for hydrolyzed banana peel starch, and also investigate the optimum concentrations of substrate and the reaction time for hydrolysis. The C-SO3H was produced from corn cob (±60 mm mesh); it was carbonized at 400 °C for 1 hour. The resulting carbon was sulphonated by hydroxy ethyl sulphonic acid at 180 °C for 4 hours, and then washed with 50% methanol and water, and then resulting biocarbon was dried at 80 °C for 6 hour in oven. Based on Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observation, structure morphology of corn cob was changed due to carbonization process. The C-SO3H after sulphonation has random pores with diameter around 3 µm–10 µm. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) showed increased of crystalline index of corn cob about 133% after carbonization. Analysis of EDX result for S component on C-SO3H is 3.79% w/w and capacity of H+ is 1.447 mmol/g. The apparent peaks of -SO3H functional groups (1207 cm-1 and 1720 cm-1) on C-SO3H were indicated the by Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR). Optimum hydrolysis concentration of banana peel starch is 7% w/v for 60 min at 100oC which Total Reducing Sugar (TRS) concentration about 0.688 mg/mL. Reusability of C-SO3H for 4 repeated used which showed a good performance that only 6% of decreasing activity of C-SO3H. The utilization of corn cob can be enhanced of corn cob and also it can be utilized as heterogeneous catalyst.

Keywords


C-SO3H; sulphonated; biocarbon; glucose; hydrolysis; banana peel starch

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.7.4.2427

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Published by INSIGHT - Indonesian Society for Knowledge and Human Development