Spectrophotometric Determination of Flavonoids Content in Fruit of Okra (Abelmoschus escullentus L. Moench) from Magelang Central Java Indonesia

Saptono Hadi, Thu Zar Soe Myint

Abstract


Okra (Abelmoschus escullentus L. Moench) is a vital vegetable crop widely grown in tropical and sub-tropical parts of the world with high medicinal value. its great potential use as a medicinal plant. Okra is rich in protein, unsaturated fatty acids, minerals, free amino acids, as well as bioactive ingredients, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids. Flavonoids are one important bioactive with many biological activities, such as anti-hepatotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. In this work, the optimum extraction conditions and spectrophotometric method for determining the total flavonoid content from the fruit of okra were investigated. The coarse powder of fruits of okra from Magelang Central Java Indonesia was subjected to extraction by the maceration method with different solvents (water, hexane, and ethyl alcohol). Qualitative analysis using a TLC method of flavonoids was performed in optimized systems chloroform : acetone : formic acid (75 : 16.5 : 8.5 v/v), and visualization by observing on UV lamp (at l = 254 and 366 nm) spraying with reagent ammonia. UV-Vis spectrophotometry analysis for quantification of flavonoid was previously validated in terms of linearity, the limit of detection, the limit of quantification, precision, and accuracy. The quantitative results of the fruits crude extracts of okra revealed the percentage yield of the flavonoids at the level of 4.41 mg/g ethanolic extract, which was significantly higher than that of the other extracts. The findings of the present study suggest that the okra fruit extracts have significant amounts of total flavonoid with potential applications in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields.


Keywords


Okra; flavonoids; TLC; UV-Vis spectrophotometry.

Full Text:

PDF

References


P. Singh, V. K. Chauhan, B. Tiwari, S. S. S. Chauhan, S. B. Simon, and A. B. Abidi, “An overview on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) and it’s importance as a nutritive vegetable in the world,†Int. J. Pharm. Biol. Sci., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 227–233, 2014.

L. H. Yao et al., “Flavonoids in food and their health benefits.,†Plant Foods Hum. Nutr., vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 113–22, 2004.

A. Roy, S. L. Shrivastava, and S. M. Mandal, “Functional properties of Okra Abelmoschus esculentus L. (Moench): traditional claims and scientific evidences,†Plant Sci. Today, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 121–130, 2014.

A. N. Panche, A. D. Diwan, and S. R. Chandra, “Flavonoids: An overview,†J. Nutr. Sci., vol. 5, no. 47, pp. 1–15, 2016.

A. V. Anand David, R. Arulmoli, and S. Parasuraman, “Overviews of Biological Importance of Quercetin: A Bioactive Flavonoid.,†Pharmacogn. Rev., vol. 10, no. 20, pp. 84–89, 2016.

M. Hamiduzzaman and A. S. M. M. Sarkar, “Evaluation of biological activities of Abelmoschus esculentus (Malvaceae),†Int. J. Curr. Sci., 2014.

H. A. Cahyana, N. Kam, and Ellyn, “Study on the stability of antioxidant and anti α-glucosidase activities using soaking treatment in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) mucilage extraction,†Chem. Int., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 202–211, 2017.

H. F. Gemede, N. Ratta, H. G.D., A. Z. Woldegiorgis, and F. Beneye, “Nutritional quality and health benefit of okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus): A review,†Glob. J. Med. Res., vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 1–10, 2014.

D. G. Romatua Aruan, T. Barus, G. Haro, R. Siburian, and P. Simanjuntak, “Phytochemical Screening and Antidiabetic Activity of N-Hexane, Ethyl Acetate and Water Extract from Durian Leaves (Durio Zibethinus L.),†Orient. J. Chem., vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 487–490, 2019.

C. C. Satolom, M. R. J. Runtuwene, and J. Abidjulu, “Isolasi Senyawa Flavonoid Pada Biji Pinang Yaki (Areca vestiaria Giseke),†J. MIPA, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 40, 2015.

S. Chaudhari, J. V. Bangar, G. K. Akuskar, and M. P. Ratnaparkhi, “Development and Validation of UV Spectrophotometric Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Rutin and Quercetin in Niosome Formulation,†Der Pharm. Lett., vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 271–276, 2014.

N. Lisnawati, I. A. Handayani, and N. Fajrianti, “Analisis flavonoid dari ekstrak etanol 96% kulit buah okra merah (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) secara kromatografi lapis tipis dan spektrofotometri UV-Vis,†J. Ilm. Ibnu Sina, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 105–112, 2016.

P. Khomsug, W. Thongjaroe, N. Pakdeenaro, M. Suttajit, and P. Chantirati, “Antioxidative Activities and Phenolic Content of Extracts from Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.),†Res. J. Biol. Sci., vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 310–313, 2010.

O. E. Adelakun, O. J. Oyelade, B. I. O. Ade-Omowaye, I. A. Adeyemi, and M. Van de Venter, “Chemical composition and the antioxidative properties of Nigerian Okra Seed (Abelmoschus esculentus Moench) Flour.,†Food Chem. Toxicol., vol. 47, no. 6, pp. 1123–6, 2009.

J. K. Ahiakpa et al., “Total flavonoid, phenolic contents and antioxidant scavenging activity in 25 accessions of okra (Abelmoschus spp L.),†African J. Food Sci. Technol., vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 129–135, 2013.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.9.5.10162

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Published by INSIGHT - Indonesian Society for Knowledge and Human Development